Toward Globally Competent Teaching: A One-Year Retrospect on Agriscience Teachers’ Changes in Perspective after an International Experience
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5032/jae.v66i1.2780Keywords:
global education, international experiences, school-based agricultural educationAbstract
This study aimed to understand how agriscience teachers’ lived experiences during an international experience influenced their perspective changes on globally competent teaching one year later. Using a phenomenological approach, four themes emerged – (1) personal growth, (2) intellectual growth, (3) professional growth, and (4) advocacy growth. By drawing on transformational learning theory, the themes demonstrated the phenomenon's essence – one year after an international experience in Costa Rica, the Louisiana agriscience teachers matured in their perspectives regarding globally competent teaching, which inspired a transformation in their personal and professional lives. Despite this, we concluded the teachers’ global competence, knowledge, and skills remained emergent and not fully formed. As such, we recommend future research examine strategies that could be used to continue to support agriscience teachers’ global competence and pedagogical development after returning from an international experience. Nevertheless, the growth experienced by the teachers should be further considered. Moving forward, we also recommend future research obtain evidence regarding the extent to which the teachers have integrated global concepts into their curriculum to develop an understanding of the breadth and depth of their perspective changes.
Downloads
References
Acker, D. G. (1999). Improving the quality of higher education in agriculture globally in the 21st Century: Constraints and opportunities. Journal of International Agriculture and Extension Education, 6(2), 47–53. https:/doi.org/10.5191.jiaee.1999.06206 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5191/jiaee.1999.06206
Bletscher, C., Gould, M., & Qu, S. (2022). The exploration of undergraduate attitudes and knowledge about international agricultural issues and US agricultural policy. Journal of International Agricultural and Extension Education, 29(2), 7–23. https://doi.org/10.4148/2831-5960.1010 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4148/2831-5960.1010
Brewer, E., & Cunningham, K. (2009). Integrating study abroad into the undergraduate curriculum. Stylus Publishing.
Brooks, L. W., & Williams, D. L. (2001). Impact of a professional development program for agricultural education teachers in Costa Rica. Journal of Agricultural Education, 42(3), 21–29. https://doi.org/10.5032/jae.2001.03021 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5032/jae.2001.03021
Conner, N. W. & Butcher, K. (2016). Perceptions of Tennessee school-based agricultural education teachers’ attitudes toward globalizing the agricultural curriculum. Journal of Human Science and Extension 4(2), 95–110. https://doi.org/10.54718/YECM8816 DOI: https://doi.org/10.54718/YECM8816
Conner, N. W., Gates, H., & Stripling, C. T. (2017). Identifying international agricultural concepts for secondary agricultural education curriculum. Journal of Agricultural Education, 58(1), 118–130. https://doi.org/10.5032/jae.2017.01118 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5032/jae.2017.01118
Cranton, P. (1994). Self-directed and transformative instructional development. The Journal of Higher Education, 65(6), 726–744. https://doi.org/10.1080/00221546.1994.11774748 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00221546.1994.11774748
Creswell, J. W., Poth, C. N. (2018). Qualitative inquiry and research design (4th ed.). Sage.
Fernandez, M. J., Goecker, Smith, E., Moran, E. R., & Wilson, C. A. (2020). Employment opportunities for college graduates in food, renewable energy, and the environment: United States, 2020-2025 [Technical report]. United States Department of Agriculture. https://www.purdue.edu/usda/employment/
Foster, D. D., Rice, L. L. S., Foster, M. J., & Barrick, R. K. (2014). Preparing agricultural educators for the world: Describing global competency in agricultural teacher candidates. Journal of Agricultural Education, 55(1), 51–65. https://doi.org/10.5032/jae.2014.01051 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5032/jae.2014.01051
Goecker, A. D., Smith, E., Fernandez, M. J., Ali, R., & Goetz, R. (2015). Employment opportunities for college graduates in food, renewable energy, and the environment: United States, 2015-2020 [Technical report]. United States Department of Agriculture. https://www.purdue.edu/usda/employment/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/2-Page-USDA-Employ.pdf
Gorter, E. K., Sorensen, T., Russell, J., Taylor, S., & Henderson, T. M. (2020). Perceived changes among second-stage agriculture teachers following a professional development experience in Ecuador. Advancements in Agricultural Development, 1(3), 68–80. https://doi.org/10.37433/aad.v1i3.69 DOI: https://doi.org/10.37433/aad.v1i3.69
Hall, D. T., & Hite, R. L. (2022). School-level implementation of a state-wide professional development model for developing globally competent teachers. Teacher Development, 26(5), 665–682. https://doi.org/10.1080/13664530.2022.2132281 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/13664530.2022.2132281
Heinert, S. B., Conner, N. W., & Roberts, T. G. (2020). School-based agricultural education students’ attitudes and beliefs toward international agricultural concepts. Journal of Human Science and Extension, 8(1), 88–103. https://doi.org/10.54718/KEWP8168 DOI: https://doi.org/10.54718/KEWP8168
Hurst, S. D., Roberts, T. G., Harder, A. (2015). Beliefs and attitudes of secondary agriculture teachers about global agriculture issues. Journal of Agricultural Education 56(1), 188–202. https://doi.org/10.5032/jae.2015.01188 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5032/jae.2015.01188
Ibezim, D. O. & McCracken, J. D. (1994). Factors associated with internationalization of secondary level agricultural education programs. Journal of Agricultural Education, 35(3), 44–49. https://doi.org/10.5032/jae.1994.03044 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5032/jae.1994.03044
Kiely, R. (2004). A chameleon with a complex: Searching for transformation in international service-learning. Michigan Journal of Community Service Learning, 20(1), 5–20. https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ852915
Kiely, R. (2005). A transformative learning model for service-learning: A longitudinal case study. Michigan Journal of Community Service Learning, 12(1), 5–22. https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ848477
Longview Foundation (2008). Teacher preparation for a global age: The imperative change. Author. http://www.longviewfdn.org/122/teacher–preparation–for–the–global–age.html
Mardi, F. (2023). In-service teachers' views of a global and digital experience: A platform for fostering perspective-taking. In F. Mardi (Eds.)., Handbook of research on advancing teaching and teacher education in the context of a virtual age (pp. 335–353). IGI Global. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-8407-4.ch016
Mezirow, J. (1991). Transformative dimensions of adult learning. Jossey-Bass.
Mezirow, J. (1997). Transformative learning: Theory to practice. Jossey-Bass. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/ace.7401
Mezirow, J. (2000). Learning as transformation: Critical perspectives on a theory in progress. Jossey-Bass.
Mikulec, E. (2014). Internationalization and teacher education: What dispositions do teachers need for global engagement? Education in a Changing Society, 8(1), 5–13. https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/233176082.pdf DOI: https://doi.org/10.15181/atee.v1i0.657
Moustakas, C. (1994). Phenomenological research methods. Sage. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4135/9781412995658
O’Malley, A. M., Roberts, R., Stair, K. S., Blackburn, J. J. (2019). The forms of dissonance experienced by U.S. university agriculture students during a study abroad to Nicaragua. Journal of Agricultural Education, 60(3), 191–205. https://doi.org/10.5032/jae.2019.03191 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5032/jae.2019.03191
Parkhouse, H., Glazier, J., Tichnor-Wagner, A., & Cain, J. M. (2015). From local to global: Making the leap in teacher education. International Journal of Global Education (IJGE), 4(2) 1–17. http://ijge.net/index.php/ijge/article/view/20/20
Parmigiani, D., Jones, S. L., Silvaggio, C., Nicchia, E., Ambrosini, A., Pario, M., & Sardi, I. (2022). Assessing global competence within teacher education programs. SAGE Open, 12(4), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440221128794 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440221128794
Pigg, J., O’ Malley, A., Roberts, R., & Stair, K. S. (2021). Transformative learning in Nicaragua: A retrospective analysis of university agriculture students’ long-term changes in perspective after a study abroad course. Journal of International Agricultural and Extension Education, 28(4), 63–78. https://doi.org/10.5191/jiaee.2021.28463 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5191/2021.28463
Pigg, J., Richardson, M. A., Roberts, R., & Stair, K. S. (2020). Awakening transformative learning: A comparison of the dissonance experienced by agriculture majors during study abroad courses to Costa Rica and Thailand. Journal of International Agricultural and Extension Education, 27(3), 132–147. https://doi.org/10.5191/jiaee.2020.273132 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5191/jiaee.2020.273132
Polkinghore, D. E. (1989). Phenomenological research methods. In R. S. Valee & S. Halling (Eds.), Existential-phenomenological perspectives in psychology (pp. 41–60). Plenum Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-6989-3_3
Radhakrishna, R. B., Leite, F. C., & Domer, S. L. (2003). An analysis of high school students’ attitudes and beliefs toward international agricultural concepts. Journal of International Agriculture and Extension Education, 10(2), 86. https://doi.org/10.5191/jiaee.2003.10121
Rampold, S. D., Coleman, B. M., Bunch, J. C., & Roberts, R. (2020). Exploring students’ cultural competence development during a short-term international experience: A Q-sort study. Advancements in Agricultural Development, 1(2), 65–78. http://agdevresearch.org/index.php/aad/article/view/45 DOI: https://doi.org/10.37433/aad.v1i2.45
Roberts, R., & Edwards, M. C. (2016). Transforming students’ global knowledge and perspectives through international service-learning (ISL) in Uganda: How six U.S. university agriculture students made sense of their lived experiences over time. Journal of International Agricultural and Extension Education, 23(3), 7–23. https://doi.org/10.5191/jiaee.2016.23301 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4148/2831-5960.1272
Roberts, R. (2024). Visual Q methodology: A methodological approach to empower marginalized populations in agriculture throughout the Global South. Advancements in Agricultural Development, 5(2), 119–134. https://doi.org/10.37433/aad.v5i2.359 DOI: https://doi.org/10.37433/aad.v5i2.359
Roberts-Hill, L., Roberts, R., & Roberts, T. G. (2023). A journey to a global scholar identity: An autoethnography of agricultural and extension faculty’s experiences. Journal of International Agricultural and Extension Education, 30(2), 70–81. https://doi.org/10.4148/2831-5960.1135 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4148/2831-5960.1135
Roberts, R., Rampold, S. D., Ramage, R., & Komunjeru, B. (2020). A typology of university agriculture students’ projected motivations to study abroad: An application of Q methodology. Journal of International Agricultural and Extension Education, 27(3), 59–74. https://doi.org/10.5191/jiaee.2020.27359 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5191/jiaee.2020.27359
Roberts, R., Stair, K. S., Figland, W. F., Jayaratne, K. S. U. (2024). Teaching outside the margins: School-based agricultural education teachers’ perspectives on globally competent teaching during an international experience. Journal of Agricultural Education, 65(2), 145–159. https://jae-online.org/index.php/jae/article/view/2414 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5032/jae.v65i2.2414
Strange, H., & Gibson, H. J. (2017). An investigation of experiential and transformative learning in study abroad programs. Frontiers: The Interdisciplinary Journal of Study Abroad, 29(1), 85–100. https://frontiersjournal.org/wp content/uploads/2017/04/ XXIX-1- STRANGE-GIBSON-TransformativeLearningPotentialof-StudyAbroad.pdf DOI: https://doi.org/10.36366/frontiers.v29i1.387
Tichnor-Wagner, A., Parkhouse, H., Glazier, J., & Cain, J. M. (2019). Becoming a globally competent teacher. ASCD.
Tracy, S. J. (2010). Qualitative quality: Eight “big-tent” criteria for excellent qualitative research. Qualitative inquiry, 16(10), 837–851. https://doi.org/10.1177/1077800410383121 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1077800410383121
Weeks, K. J., Lawver, R. G., Sorenson, T. J., & Warnick, B. K. (2020). Do teachers have the skills: 21st Century skills in the agricultural classroom? Journal of Agricultural Education 61(4), 127–142. https://doi.org/10.5032/jae.2020.04127 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5032/jae.2020.04127
Zhao, Y. (2010). Preparing globally competent teachers: A new imperative for teacher education. Journal of Teacher Education, 61(5), 422–431. https://doi.org/10.1177/002248711037580 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0022487110375802
Zong, G. (2009). Global perspectives in teacher education research and practice. In T.F. Kirkwood-Tucker (Eds.)., Visions in global education: The globalization of curriculum and pedagogy in teacher education and schools: Perspectives from Canada, Russia, and the United States (pp. 71–89). Peter Lang Publishing.