Exploring What School Based Agricultural Education Teachers Narratives say About Their Lived Experiences Pertaining to Working with English Language Learners
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5032/jae.v67i1.3286Keywords:
Teacher Narratives, SBAE, English Language LearnersAbstract
This study aimed to explore and share the personal narratives of early career school-based agricultural education (SBAE) teachers regarding their experiences with English Language Learner (ELL) students, focusing on both challenges and benefits. A lack of research on SBAE teachers' interactions with ELLs in agricultural education, coupled with the rising ELL population nationwide, motivated this study. It sought to offer valuable insights and actionable recommendations to support SBAE teachers and enhance educational outcomes for ELLs in agricultural settings. Participants included nine early career SBAE teachers from California, each with one to five years of experience. These teachers had worked with 10 to over 600 ELLs at various proficiency levels. Data were gathered through semi-structured interviews, which were recorded, transcribed, and used to develop detailed participant narratives that formed the core of the study. The findings revealed several key themes, resulting in recommendations for research and practice. These include improving teacher preparation and professional development, fostering culturally responsive teaching, creating supportive networks and resources, and empowering SBAE teachers to advocate for their students and programs. The study provides a foundation for discussions within the SBAE community and serves as a practical resource for teachers working with ELLs.
Downloads
References
Abedi, J. 2005. “Issues and Consequences for English Language Learners.” Yearbook of the National Society for the Study of Education, 104(2): 175–198. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-7984.2005.00030.x DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-7984.2005.00030.x
Barkhuizen, G., Benson, P., & Chik, A. (2014). Narrative inquiry in language teaching and learning research. New York: Routledge. https://doi.org/10.19195/0301-7966.54.12 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203124994
Baumgartner, N., & Stewart, J. (2025). Exploring What School Based Agricultural Education Teachers
Narratives say About Their Lived Experiences Pertaining to Working with English Language Learners. Proceedings of the National American Association for Agricultural Education Research Conference, Lubbock, TX.
Behnke, A. O., Gonzalez, L. M., & Cox, R. B. (2010). Latino students in new arrival states: Factors and services to prevent youth from dropping out. Hispanic Journal of Behavioral Sciences, 32(3), 385–409. https://doi.org/10.1177/07399863103740 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0739986310374025
Cadiero-Kaplan, K., & Rodríguez, J. L. (2008). The preparation of highly qualified teachers for English language learners: Educational responsiveness for unmet needs. Equity & Excellence in Education, 41(3), 372–387. https://doi.org/10.1080/10665680802179444 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/10665680802179444
Carley Rizzuto, K. (2017). Teachers' perceptions of ELL students: Do their attitudes shape their instruction? The Teacher Educator, 52(3), 182–202. https://doi.org/10.1080/08878730.2017.1296912 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/08878730.2017.1296912
Clandinin, D. J., & Connelly, F. M. (2000). Narrative inquiry: Experience and story in qualitative research. Jossey-Bass. https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-008043349-3/50013-x DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-008043349-3/50013-X
Clandinin, D. J., & Connelly, F. M. (2004). Narrative inquiry: Experience and story in qualitative research. John Wiley & Sons.
Clandinin, D. J. (2006). Narrative inquiry: A methodology for studying lived experience. Research studies in music education, 27(1), 44–54. https://doi.org/10.1177/1321103x060270010301 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1321103X060270010301
Coleman, A. (2020). Room for a third space with testimonio as curriculum and pedagogy. Journal of Latinos and Education, 19(1), 3–17. https://doi.org/10.1080/15348431.2018.1432484 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/15348431.2018.1432484
Creswell, J. W., & Poth, C. N. (2016). Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing among five approaches. Sage publications.
De Fina, A., & Georgakopoulou, A. (2015). The handbook of narrative analysis. John Wiley & Sons. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118458204 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118458204
De Oliveira, L. C., & Athanases, S. Z. (2007). Graduates' reports of advocating for English language learners. Journal of Teacher Education, 58(3), 202–215. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022487107299978 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0022487107299978
Dewey, J. 1938. Experience and education. New York: Collier Books.
Elliott, J. (2005). Using narrative in social research: Qualitative and quantitative approaches. Sage publications. https://doi.org/10.1075/ni.15.2.11oli DOI: https://doi.org/10.1075/ni.15.2.11oli
Espino, M. M., Vega, I. I., Rendón, L. I., Ranero, J. J., & Muñiz, M. M. (2012). The process of reflexión in bridging testimonios across lived experience. Equity & Excellence in Education, 45(3), 444–459. https://doi.org/10.1080/10665684.2012.698188 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/10665684.2012.698188
Evans, C., & Lewis, J. (2018). Analysing semi-structured interviews using thematic analysis: Exploring voluntary civic participation among adults (pp. 1-6). SAGE Publications Limited. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781526439284 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4135/9781526439284
Faez, F., & Valeo, A. (2012). TESOL teacher education: Novice teachers' perceptions of their preparedness and efficacy in the classroom. Tesol Quarterly, 46(3), 450–471. https://doi.org/10.1002/tesq.37 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/tesq.37
Fontana, A., & Frey, J. H. (2008). The interview: From neutral stance to political involvement. In N. K. Denzin & Y. S. Lincoln (Eds.), Collecting and interpreting qualitative materials (115-–60). Sage. https://doi.org/10.11156/aibr.020213 DOI: https://doi.org/10.11156/aibr.020213
Gándara, P., Maxwell-Jolly, J., & Driscoll, A. (2005). Listening to teachers of English language learners: A survey of California teachers’ challenges, experiences, and professional development needs. https://doi.org/10.14507/epaa.v11n36.2003 DOI: https://doi.org/10.14507/epaa.v11n36.2003
Gay, G., and T. C. Howard. 2000. Multicultural teacher education for the 21st century. The Teacher Educator, 36(1), 1–28. https://doi.org/10.1080/08878730009555246 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/08878730009555246
Good, M. E., Masewicz, S., & Vogel, L. (2010). Latino English language learners: Bridging achievement
and cultural gaps between schools and families. Journal of Latinos and Education, 9(4), 321–339. https://doi.org/10.1080/15348431.2010.491048 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/15348431.2010.491048
Guo, Y. (2006). Why didn't they show up? Rethinking ESL parent involvement in K-12 education. TESL Canada Journal, 80–95. https://doi.org/10.18806/tesl.v24i1.29 DOI: https://doi.org/10.18806/tesl.v24i1.29
Hains, B. J., & Hains, K. D. (2021). An emotional rollercoaster: The emotional and pedagogical impact of cultural experiences on Agricultural Education undergraduate students. Journal of Agricultural Education, 62(3), 232–247. https://doi.org/10.5032/jae.2021.03232 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5032/jae.2021.03232
Jimerson, S. R., Patterson, M. S., Stein, R., & Babcock, S. K. (2016). Understanding educational success among Latino/a English language learners: Factors associated with high school completion and postsecondary school attendance. Contemporary School Psychology, 20, 402–416. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40688-016-0100-3
Josselson, R., & Hammack, P. L. (2021). Essentials of narrative analysis. American Psychological Association. https://doi.org/10.1037/0000246-000 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/0000246-000
Khong, T. D. H., & Saito, E. (2014). Challenges confronting teachers of English language learners. Educational Review, 66(2), 210–225. https://doi.org/10.1080/00131911.2013.769425 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00131911.2013.769425
Kim, S., Chang, M., Singh, K., & Allen, K. R. (2015). Patterns and factors of high school dropout risks of racial and linguistic groups. Journal of education for students placed at risk (JESPAR), 20(4), 336–351. https://doi.org/10.1080/10824669.2015.1047019 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/10824669.2015.1047019
Lopez, G. (2001). The value of hard work: Lessons on parent involvement from an (im)migrant household. Harvard educational review, 71(3), 416–438. https://doi.org/10.17763/haer.71.3.43x7k542x023767u DOI: https://doi.org/10.17763/haer.71.3.43x7k542x023767u
Lucas, T., & Villegas, A. M. (2010). The missing piece in teacher education: The preparation of linguistically responsive teachers. Teachers College Record, 112(14), 297–318. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/016146811011201402
Lucas, T., de Oliveira, L. C., & Villegas, A. M. (2014). Preparing linguistically responsive teachers in multilingual contexts. In Englishes in multilingual contexts: Language variation and education (pp. 219–230). Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-8869-4_13 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-8869-4_13
Miller, P. C., & Endo, H. (2004). Understanding and meeting the needs of ESL students. Phi Delta Kappan, 85(10), 786–791. https://doi.org/10.1177/003172170408501016 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/003172170408501016
Moelle, D. (2013). Facilitating professional development for teachers of English language learners. Teaching and teacher education, 29, 197–207. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tate.2012.10.002 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tate.2012.10.002
Murray, G. (2009). Narrative inquiry. In J. Heigham & R. A. Croker (Eds.), Qualitative research in applied linguistics: A practical introduction (pp. 45–65). London: Palgrave Macmillan. https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230239517_3 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230239517_3
National Center for Education Statistics. (2024). English Learners in Public Schools. Condition of Education. U.S. Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences.
Otter.ai. (2024). Otter.ai (October 19, 2024 update) [AI speech-to-text tool]. https://Otter.ai
Patton, M. Q. (1990). Qualitative evaluation and research methods. SAGE Publications.
Patton, M.Q. (2002). Qualitative research & evaluation methods (3rd ed.). SAGE Publications.
Polit, D. F., & Beck, C. T. (2010). Generalization in quantitative and qualitative research: Myths and strategies. International journal of nursing studies, 47(11), 1451–1458. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2010.06.004 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2010.06.004
Riessman, C. K. (2008). Narrative methods for the human sciences. Sage.
Samson, J. F., & Collins, B. A. (2012). Preparing all teachers to meet the needs of English language learners: Applying research to policy and practice for teacher effectiveness. Center for American Progress.
Santibañez, L., & Gándara, P. (2018). Teachers of English Language Learners in Secondary Schools: Gaps in Preparation and Support.
Sarasa, M. C. (2015). Narrative research into the possibilities of classroom-generated stories in English teacher education. Profile Issues in Teachers Professional Development, 17(1), 13–24. https://doi.org/10.15446/profile.v17n1.43383 DOI: https://doi.org/10.15446/profile.v17n1.43383
Sheng, Z., Sheng, Y., & Anderson, C. J. (2011). Dropping out of school among ELL students: Implications to schools and teacher education. The Clearing House, 84(3), 98–103. https://doi.org/10.1080/00098655.2010.538755 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00098655.2010.538755
Skokut, M. A. (2009). Educational resilience among English language learners: Examining factors associated with high school completion and post-secondary school attendance. University of California, Santa Barbara. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40688-016-0100-3 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40688-016-0100-3
Stokes, J. (2021). How to do media and cultural studies. How to Do Media and Cultural Studies, 1-408.
Sugimoto, A. T., Carter, K., & Stoehr, K. J. (2017). Teaching “in their best interest”: Preservice teachers' narratives regarding English Learners. Teaching and Teacher Education, 67, 179–188. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tate.2017.06.010 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tate.2017.06.010
Tsang, S. L., Katz, A., & Stack, J. (2008). Achievement testing for English language learners, ready or not? Education Policy Analysis Archives/Archivos Analíticos de Políticas Educativas, 16, 1–29. https://doi.org/10.14507/epaa.v16n1.2008 DOI: https://doi.org/10.14507/epaa.v16n1.2008
Van Manen, M. (2017). Phenomenology in its original sense. Qualitative health research, 27(6), 810–825. https://doi.org/10.1177/1049732317699381 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1049732317699381
VERBI Software. (2021). MAXQDA 2022 Online Manual. Retrieved from https://www.maxqda.com/help-max12/welcome
Villegas, A. M., & Lucas, T. (2002). Preparing culturally responsive teachers: Rethinking the curriculum. Journal of teacher education, 53(1), 20–32. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022487102053001003 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0022487102053001003
Walqui, A., & Van Lier, L. (2010). Scaffolding the academic success of adolescent English language learners: A pedagogy of promise. WestEd. 730 Harrison Street, San Francisco, CA 94107-1242.
Yin, R. K. (2009). Case study research: Design and methods (Vol. 5). Sage. https://doi.org/10.33524/cjar.v14i1.73 DOI: https://doi.org/10.33524/cjar.v14i1.73
Zimmerman, K. (2014, January). A literature review of the challenges & best practices for English language learners. In National Forum of Multicultural Issues Journal, 11(1), 1–7.